Abstract Post-translational modifications (PTMs) are crucial for the adaptation of various signalling pathways to ensure cellular homeostasis and proper adaptation to stress. PTM is a covalent addition of a small chemical functional group such as a phosphate group (phosphorylation). methyl group (methylation). or acetyl group (acetylation); lipids like hydrophobic isoprene polymers (i... https://www.deliandiver.com/product-category/drum-paddle/